Introduction to the Junos Operating System

DAY 1

Course Introduction

Introducing Junos OS and the Hardware It Powers


- Test your knowledge of some networking fundamentals
- Explain the advantages of Junos OS
- Define the terms fixed-port chassis, modular chassis, and Routing Engine
- Describe the advantages of Juniper Networks MX Series, PTX Series, and ACX Series routers, and SRX Series Firewalls
SSH and Operational Mode


- Demonstrate how to use SSH to log in to a device running Junos OS
- Explain the purpose of operational mode
- Describe some of the most immediately useful show system commands
- Demonstrate how to use built-in command reminders, auto-completion, and the Junos hierarchy
Lab 1: SSH and Operational Mode

Refresher—IPv6 Addressing


- Demonstrate how to use hexadecimal to read IPv6 addresses, MAC addresses, and memory addresses
- Explain the format of IPv6 addresses and subnet masks, and the purpose of link-local addressing
Network Interfaces, Part 1—Interface Naming and Logical Units


- Define the concepts of physical network interfaces, FPCs, and PICs
- Demonstrate how the show interfaces terse command verifies logical interfaces, interface status, and IP addresses
Network Interfaces, Part 2—Revealing and Filtering Detailed Interface Output


- Explain how to read the output of the full show interfaces command
- Demonstrate how to use the CLI pipe to filter the output of any command
Lab 2: Network Interfaces and Logical Units

Reading a Junos OS Configuration


- Explain the difference between viewing a Junos configuration in hierarchy view and in set view, and the advantages of each method
- Demonstrate how to read a Junos OS router configuration in set view
- Demonstrate how to read a Junos OS router configuration in hierarchy view
Lab 3: Reading a Junos OS Configuration

DAY 2

Configuring Junos OS—The Basics


- Describe how the candidate configuration helps to prevent mistakes during configuration changes
- Demonstrate how to commit changes, and how to roll back to previous configurations
- Describe how to deploy, edit, and delete pieces of configuration
- Explain how to use the commit confirmed feature
Lab 4: Configuring Junos OS—The Basics

Configuring Junos OS—Become a Power User


- Explain how to lock the candidate configuration, and how to deactivate and disable pieces of configuration
- Demonstrate how to deploy configuration within a specific part of the hierarchy
- Explain how to renameand replace configuration
- Describe the keyboard shortcuts that bring efficiency to your CLI session
Lab 5: Configuring Junos OS—Become a Power User

Routing Tables, Route Preference, and Longest Prefix Matches


- Define the difference between directly connected, static, and dynamic routes
- Explain how route preference selects the best route to a destination
- Explain the process of longest prefix match lookups
- Demonstrate how to view and verify the inet.0 and inet6.0 routing tables
Lab 6: Routes and Routing Tables

Static Routes


- Explain the advantages and trade-offs of using static routes
- Demonstrate how to configure and verify IPv4 and IPv6 static routes
- Explain the purpose of a default route, and deploy one to enable Internet connectivity
Lab 7: Static Routes

Dynamic Routing Protocols—The Theory


- Explain how routing protocols solve the problems of static routes
- Describe the difference between interior and exterior gateway protocols, and the advantages of link-state protocols such as OSPF and IS-IS
Dynamic Routing Protocols—Configuring OSPF


- Configure and verify a basic IPv4 OSPF deployment
- Configure and verify a basic IPv6 OSPF deployment
Lab 8: Dynamic Routing Protocols

DAY 3

Junos OS Switches, Part 1—VLANs, MAC Tables, and Access Ports


- Test your knowledge of some Layer 2 switching fundamentals
- Demonstrate how to configure and verify VLANs on a switch running Junos OS
- Describe how to configure access ports and verify MAC tables
Junos OS Switches, Part 2—Trunk Ports


- Describe how to deploy trunk ports on Junos OS switches
- Demonstrate how to configure multiple logical units on IP interfaces
- Explain the advantages of Juniper Networks EX and QFX Series Switches, and the wireless, wired, and WAN solutions offered by Mist AI
Lab 9: IP Interfaces with Multiple Logical Units

Junos OS Device Administration


- Explain the advantage of out-of-band management interfaces
- Describe how to maintain accurate time on a Junos OS device
- Explain the DNS resolution process, and how to enable DNS resolution
- Describe how to create new user accounts for management
- Demonstrate the features of the J-Web graphical interface
Setting Up a Brand-New Junos OS Device


- Describe the variety of default configurations you will find on Junos OS devices
- Explain how to use the console port, and the one piece of mandatory configuration on new devices
- Demonstrate some recommended initial system settings
- Explain the advantage of zero-touch provisioning
Lab 10: Junos OS Device Administration and Initial Settings

Junos OS Architecture—The Control Plane and the Data Plane


- Define the control plane, the forwarding plane, and the Packet Forwarding Engine
- Explain the difference between transit traffic and exception traffic
Junos OS Architecture—The Software That Powers Junos OS


- Describe the modular nature of Junos OS daemons, and explain how Junos OS is based on FreeBSD
- Explain the advantages offered by Junos OS Evolved
Logging, Troubleshooting, and Monitoring


- Explain how to create log files
- Demonstrate network connectivity troubleshooting commands
- Describe how to view interface statistics, errors, and live control plane traffic
- Demonstrate some helpful CLI management troubleshooting tricks
Lab 11: Logging, Troubleshooting, and Monitoring

DAY 4

Junos OS Firewall Filters, Part 1—The Theory


- Test your knowledge on some important transport layer fundamentals
- Define the difference between stateful security policies and stateless firewall filters
- Describe how firewall filters use named terms to take action on packets, based on your match conditions
- Demonstrate the logic involved in processing terms in a firewall filter
Junos OS Firewall Filters, Part 2—The Practical


- Describe the configuration of a Junos OS firewall filter
- Demonstrate how to use the insert command to change the order of terms in a firewall filter
Lab 12: Junos OS Firewall Filters

Junos OS Configuration—A Deeper Dive


- Describe how to annotate, lock, and redact parts of the configuration
- Explain how to create and manage files on your Junos device
- Describe how to use load commands to quickly apply configuration in bulk
- Demonstrate the ways that you can automate aspects of a Junos OS configuration
Lab 13: Junos OS Configuration—A Deeper Dive

Interfaces—A Deeper Dive


- Describe the configuration of IRB and loopback interfaces
- Explain how source IP addresses are selected from multiple options on an interface
- Demonstrate the advantages of load balancing and of aggregated Ethernet interfaces
Lab 14: Interfaces—A Deeper Dive

Junos OS Architecture—APIs and Automation


- Explain how Junos OS uses an XML API as an interface to the CLI and to a variety of automation options
Where Do You Go from Here?


- Describe how to continue getting hands-on practice with Junos OS once the course is complete
- Explain the Juniper Networks certification track
- Explain some of the most popular Juniper Networks courses that you might choose to take next
SELF-STUDY MODULES

Routing—A Deeper Dive


- Demonstrate a variety of advanced static route features
- Demonstrate the functionality and configuration of routing instances
- Describe the advantages of OSPF areas, IS-IS levels, and BGP as an exterior gateway protocol
Junos OS Firewall Filters—A Deeper Dive


- Demonstrate some advanced firewall filter match conditions and actions
- Explain the benefits of control plane firewall filter protection
- Describe how policers can rate-limit any traffic of your choosing
- Demonstrate some firewall filter caveats and potential best practices
Logging, Troubleshooting, and Monitoring—A Deeper Dive


- Demonstrate how monitoring systems use SNMP to interact with a device
- Explain how traceoptions offer advanced troubleshooting visibility of any problem
- Describe the error information available in the show interfaces extensive command
- Demonstrate some advanced CLI troubleshooting commands and filtering tools
Junos OS Device Administration—A Deeper Dive


- Explain the meaning of AAA, and demonstrate how to enable RADIUS and TACACS+ authentication
- Describe the order in which user authentication methods are checked
- Explain how to customize user accounts with custom permission classes and custom idle timeouts
Junos OS Routing Policy


- Explain how import and export policies can readvertise prefixes between protocols
- Describe the CLI syntax of a routing policy
- Demonstrate how a routing policy can export static routes into OSPF
- Describe some important advanced routing policy features and behaviors
Upgrading Junos OS


- Describe how to download a Junos OS image from the Juniper Networks website
- Demonstrate how to check available storage, and how to remove unnecessary files
- Demonstrate the Junos OS upgrade procedure
- Describe the most helpful upgrade customization options
J-Web


- Identify the purpose of each individual tab on the J-Web menu
- Configure device administration settings and perform simple tasks such as configuration and file management
- Demonstrate how to configure and monitor a network interface in J-Web
- Use the Feature Explorer to find out if a device supports J-Web
Refresher—Cables and Ethernet


- Explain the difference between copper and fiber-optic networking cables
- Describe how Ethernet uses MAC addresses to pass traffic to the next visible hop in the path
Refresher—IPv4 and Subnetting


- Describe the format of IPv4 addresses, and explain how to create a subnet
- Explain the role of a router in a network
Refresher—Switches, MAC Learning, Broadcast Domains, and VLANs


- Explain the difference between Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches
- Describe how switches and hosts learn MAC addresses
- Define the concept of VLANs and broadcast domains
Refresher—TCP and UDP


- Explain the difference between reliable and best-effort transmission, and between source and destination port numbers

After successfully completing this course, you should be able to:


- Explain the most important benefits of Junos OS and describe the kind of devices that run it.
- Explain how to remotely connect to the Junos CLI, and how to use operational mode to verify system information.
- Describe the reasons that IPv6 was created and explain how to read an IPv6 address.
- Explain the difference between a physical network interface and a logical unit.
- Demonstrate how the Junos OS CLI can reveal detailed information about network interfaces.
- Describe how Junos OS stores its configuration using a logical and hierarchical structure.
- Demonstrate how to deploy configuration in Junos OS, and how the commit process helps to prevent mistakes.
- Demonstrate the commands and keyboard shortcuts that make Junos CLI configurations more efficient.
- Describe how routes enter a routing table, and how routers choose the best routes for forwarding traffic.
- Describe how static routes manually install routing information into a router.
- Describe how routing protocols can automatically find the best path to remote destinations.
- Demonstrate how to deploy OSPF to automatically advertise and learn prefixes in a single network.
- Explain how to manage a switch that runs Junos OS.
- Explain how to manage a switch that runs Junos OS.
- Demonstrate how to enable some crucial Junos OS administrative features.
- Describe the most important things to consider when deploying a new device that runs Junos OS.
- Demonstrate how knowledge of the underlying Junos OS architecture can bring advantages to network operators.
- Demonstrate how a knowledge of the underlying Junos OS software helps you when upgrading Junos and troubleshooting networks.
- Demonstrate the most important and useful tools available in Junos OS that can help you fix real-world problems.
- Explain how Junos OS can filter and manipulate traffic in real time using stateless firewall filters.
- Explain how to configure stateless firewall filters that accept or discard packets.
- Demonstrate some powerful CLI configuration options that can increase your productivity.
- Describe the advantages and configuration of a variety of different interface types and features.
- Demonstrate how the architecture of Junos OS is built with automation in mind.
- Explain how to continue your studies once the course has been completed.
Additional objectives for self-study:


- Explain how to utilize backup static routes, routing instances, OSPF areas, and BGP.
- Deploy some of the advanced features available within a firewall filter.
- Describe advanced troubleshooting and monitoring features available in Junos OS.
- Demonstrate some advanced device administration features.
- Describe how routing policies control what prefixes can enter the routing table, and what prefixes can be advertised by protocols.
- Describe the tasks involved in upgrading Junos OS.
- Use the J-Web graphical interface to make configuration changes and monitor and maintain Junos devices.
- Describe the most common network cables in use today, and the reasons for using the Ethernet protocol in modern networks.
- Describe how IP addresses create end-to-end network communication.
- Explain how switches enable Layer 2 Ethernet communication between hosts on a shared LAN segment.
- Describe the difference between TCP and UDP.

- Individuals who work with routers, switches, and firewalls that run Junos OS
- Individuals who want to learn how to manage Junos OS using the CLI
- Individuals who want to learn a basic understanding of IPv4, IPv6, routing switching, troubleshooting, packet filtering, and Junos administration concepts

- Students are highly recommended to have watched the self-study Getting Started with Networking (e-learning) video series before attending this course.
- Basic understanding of IPv4 and IPv6.
- Basic understanding of Ethernet and MAC address learning.
- Basic understanding of TCP and UDP.
- Basic understanding of the layered OSI and TCP/IP models.

After successfully completing this course, you should be able to:


- Explain the most important benefits of Junos OS and describe the kind of devices that run it.
- Explain how to remotely connect to the Junos CLI, and how to use operational mode to verify system information.
- Describe the reasons that IPv6 was created and explain how to read an IPv6 address.
- Explain the difference between a physical network interface and a logical unit.
- Demonstrate how the Junos OS CLI can reveal detailed information about network interfaces.
- Describe how Junos OS stores its configuration using a logical and hierarchical structure.
- Demonstrate how to deploy configuration in Junos OS, and how the commit process helps to prevent mistakes.
- Demonstrate the commands and keyboard shortcuts that make Junos CLI configurations more efficient.
- Describe how routes enter a routing table, and how routers choose the best routes for forwarding traffic.
- Describe how static routes manually install routing information into a router.
- Describe how routing protocols can automatically find the best path to remote destinations.
- Demonstrate how to deploy OSPF to automatically advertise and learn prefixes in a single network.
- Explain how to manage a switch that runs Junos OS.
- Explain how to manage a switch that runs Junos OS.
- Demonstrate how to enable some crucial Junos OS administrative features.
- Describe the most important things to consider when deploying a new device that runs Junos OS.
- Demonstrate how knowledge of the underlying Junos OS architecture can bring advantages to network operators.
- Demonstrate how a knowledge of the underlying Junos OS software helps you when upgrading Junos and troubleshooting networks.
- Demonstrate the most important and useful tools available in Junos OS that can help you fix real-world problems.
- Explain how Junos OS can filter and manipulate traffic in real time using stateless firewall filters.
- Explain how to configure stateless firewall filters that accept or discard packets.
- Demonstrate some powerful CLI configuration options that can increase your productivity.
- Describe the advantages and configuration of a variety of different interface types and features.
- Demonstrate how the architecture of Junos OS is built with automation in mind.
- Explain how to continue your studies once the course has been completed.
Additional objectives for self-study:


- Explain how to utilize backup static routes, routing instances, OSPF areas, and BGP.
- Deploy some of the advanced features available within a firewall filter.
- Describe advanced troubleshooting and monitoring features available in Junos OS.
- Demonstrate some advanced device administration features.
- Describe how routing policies control what prefixes can enter the routing table, and what prefixes can be advertised by protocols.
- Describe the tasks involved in upgrading Junos OS.
- Use the J-Web graphical interface to make configuration changes and monitor and maintain Junos devices.
- Describe the most common network cables in use today, and the reasons for using the Ethernet protocol in modern networks.
- Describe how IP addresses create end-to-end network communication.
- Explain how switches enable Layer 2 Ethernet communication between hosts on a shared LAN segment.
- Describe the difference between TCP and UDP.